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编辑“︁Lotus Yuan”︁

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{{英文版本|袁莲花}}
{{英文版本|袁莲花}}
'''Lotus Yuan''', born in {{LW|Suzhou|en}}, {{LW|China|en}}, is a renowned Chinese physicist, chemist and one of the world's leading experts in homework engineering. Yuan is a pioneer in the field of homework engineering. He is an academician of the {{LW|Chinese Academy of Engineering|en}}, and the director of the [[国立作业研究院|National Institute of Homework]]. Yuan is also a professor and doctoral advisor at {{LW|Shanghai Jiao Tong University|en}}, the director of [[苏州中学作业研究院|Suzhou Institute of Homework Engineering]] and the principal consultant at {{LW|UNESCO|en}}.
'''Lotus Yuan''', born in {{LW|Suzhou|en}}, {{LW|China|en}}, is a renowned Chinese physicist, chemist and one of the world's leading experts in homework engineering. Yuan is a pioneer in the field of homework engineering. He is an academician of the {{LW|Chinese Academy of Engineering|en}}, and the director of the [[国立作业研究院|National Institute of Homework]]. Yuan is also a professor and doctoral advisor at {{LW|Shanghai Jiao Tong University|en}}, the director of Suzhou Institute of Homework Engineering and the principal consultant at {{LW|UNESCO}}.


Yuan was born in Suzhou, Jiangsu, China, and he showed expertise in science at a very young age. At the age of three, he was able to recite the {{LW|periodic table|en}} in reverse order. When he was only five, he was widely regarded as a {{LW|child prodigy|en}} because he can identify water as {{LW|dihydrogen monoxide|en}}. He taught himself many high school courses when studying at primary school. After entering high school, he taught himself graduate-level physics, chemistry and mathematics. As a student of [[苏州中学|Suzhou High School]], he participated in the mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, informatics Olympiads, and received first prize in each subject. He was offered pre-admission by {{LW|Peking University|en}} and {{LW|Tsinghua University|en}} many times, but finally decided to enter the SJTU for {{LW|personal reasons|en|Bromance}}. After graduating from SJTU with a GPA of 4.3, with 2 papers published on ''{{LW|Physical Review Letters|en}}'' and ''{{LW|Journal of the American Chemical Society|en}}'', he went to the {{LW|Massachusetts Institute of Technology|en}} for his graduate study. Yuan studied many interdisciplinary subjects at MIT, including {{LW|philo♂sophy|en|Billy Herrington}} of {{LW|superstring theory|en}} and {{LW|quantum field theory|en}}, {{LW|phys♂ical organ♂ic chemistry|en|physical organic chemistry}}, and last but most important, homework engineering.
==简介==
*中文名：袁莲花
*外文名：Lotus Yuan
*国 籍：中国
*民 族：汉
*出生地：中华人民共和国江苏苏州
*职 业：科学家
*毕业院校：{{LW|麻省理工学院}}、上海交通大学
*主要成就：
**{{LW|超弦理论}}和{{LW|量子场论}}的哲♂学
**物理有♂基化学
**作业工程


Yuan is an accomplished researcher and teacher, covering a myriad of subjects in physics and chemistry. The culmination of his teaching are his text ''Capability: A Modern Introduction to Its Foundations, Characteristics and Influences'' and ''Homework Engineering: An Expert's Guide''. In addition to his contributions to science and engineering, Yuan's work has significantly impacted publishing industry. In 2014, he became the first and so far the only scientist to be awarded a AUP Medal from the [[锑星大学出版社|Antimony University Press]].
==经历==
袁莲花出生于江苏省苏州市，从小爱好科学。三岁时就能将元素周期表倒背如流。五岁时因把矿泉水称作一氧化二氢而被周围的人视作天才。小学五年级时就自学完了高中全部理科课程。进入中学后，他自学了大学物理、化学以及高等数学等课程。在苏州中学就读高中期间，他参加了数学、物理、化学、生物、信息学全部五科竞赛，均获得省一等奖，并有三科获得保送资格，第二年还获得一枚国际奥林匹克竞赛金牌。北京大学、清华大学等国内名校先后向他发出预录通知书，均被他拒绝。他最终选择来到了世界名校麻省理工学院学习。
 
==影响==
走在[[苏州中学]]的校园里，只要说起袁莲花，可谓无人不知无人不晓。“九门学科七个满分”、“五门竞赛三门保送”等等都是同学和老师描述他的常用语。他参加IChO竞赛期间，{{LW|比利·海灵顿}}、{{LW|阿部高和||糞味噌的技術}}、{{LW|威廉伯爵||金坷垃}}等著名科学家先后接见了他，并给予鼓励。
 
==成就==
 
#Yuanlianhua-Nolan反应（正四面体烷合成第一步）
#:该反应为构建张力巨大的正四面体烷环系提供了可能，1978年G. Maier, S. Pfriem, U. Sch?fer 和 R. Matusch经过6步产率不高的反应才合成正四面体烷的四叔丁基取代物，如今只需一步即可完成，产率很高，还可以用来合成其他衍生物。
#Yuanlianhua-stibium羰基烯酮化反应
#:R<sub>2</sub>CO + [C<sub>8</sub>]<sup>+</sup>[AsF<sub>6</sub>]<sup>-</sup> → R<sub>2</sub>C=C=O + (CF)<sub>n</sub> + AsF<sub>3</sub>
#:酮与石墨的六氟砷酸盐作用生成烯酮。该反应可用于合成乙烯二酮，产物用质谱仪可检测到，半衰期10^-5s。
#Yuanlianhua不对称环氧化反应
#:该反应使用手性连二次碳酸酯为催化剂，二过氧化二丙酮为氧化剂，可将烯烃选择性极高地转化为环氧化合物。该反应的特点是氧化剂立体专一地从空间位阻较大的一侧进攻，因而用途广泛，被认为是Sharpless不对称环氧化反应之后最伟大的发现之一。
#磷宾的反应（phosphorene）
#:包括C=C插入，[2+7]、[2+5]环加成反应，磷宾转移，双自由基环化/电环化反应等等。
 
==荣誉==
*1967 国际奥林匹克竞赛金牌
*1978 江苏省十大杰出青年
*1980 中国青年科学家提名奖
*1985 国家科技进步一等奖
*1988 香港蒋氏科技成就奖
*1989 美国中国工程师学会个人成就奖
*1993 国家重大技术装备成果奖特等奖
*1997 联合国教科文组织科学奖
*2000 国家级有突出贡献的中青年专家
*2001 中国工程院院士
*2003 全国劳动模范
*2005 哈佛大学名誉博士学位
*2012 比利奖
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